Invented in 1891 by Canadian-American gym teacher James Naismith in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States, basketball has evolved to become one of the world's most popular and widely viewed sports.
Informally, players may play three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one. The tallest player is usually the center, the second-tallest and strongest is the power forward, a slightly shorter but more agile player is the small forward, and the shortest players or the best ball handlers are the shooting guard and the point guard, who implements the coach's game plan by managing the execution of offensive and defensive plays (player positioning). The five players on each side fall into five playing positions. It is a violation to lift or drag one's pivot foot without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to hold the ball with both hands then resume dribbling.
On offense, players may use a variety of shots – the layup, the jump shot, or a dunk on defense, they may steal the ball from a dribbler, intercept passes, or block shots either offense or defense may collect a rebound, that is, a missed shot that bounces from rim or backboard. Players advance the ball by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or by passing it to a teammate, both of which require considerable skill. The team with the most points at the end of the game wins, but if regulation play expires with the score tied, an additional period of play ( overtime) is mandated.
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After a foul, timed play stops and the player fouled or designated to shoot a technical foul is given one, two or three one-point free throws. A field goal is worth two points, unless made from behind the three-point line, when it is worth three. However, unsportsmanlike technicals in the NBA carry a fine, its severity depending on the number of technicals the player has already obtained, and players are suspended for varying amounts of time after accumulating fifteen technicals in the regular season or seven in the playoffs.Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular court, compete with the primary objective of shooting a basketball (approximately 9.4 inches (24 cm) in diameter) through the defender's hoop (a basket 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter mounted 10 feet (3.048 m) high to a backboard at each end of the court, while preventing the opposing team from shooting through their own hoop. However, in the NBA and WNBA, players are allowed six personal fouls before being disqualified, and technical fouls assessed against them do not count toward this total. The latter rule is similar to that in college, high school, and middle school basketball in the United States. Second, in FIBA play, players foul out after five total fouls, technical and personal combined. First, illegal contact between players on the court is always a personal foul under international rules, whereas in the USA, such contact is, with some exceptions, a technical foul when the game clock is not running and/or when the ball is dead.
Technical fouls are handled slightly differently under international rules than under the rules used by the various competitions in the United States. These fouls, and their penalties, are more serious than a personal foul, but not necessarily as serious as a flagrant foul. Technical fouls can be assessed against players, bench personnel, the entire team, or even the crowd. The most common technical foul is for unsportsmanlike conduct. In basketball, a technical foul is any infraction of the rules penalized as a foul which does not involve physical contact during the course of play between opposing players on the court, or is a foul by a non-player. Freebase (0.00 / 0 votes) Rate this definition:
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